Proposed Comprehensive Development
at Wo Shang Wai, Yuen Long

Biannual EM&A Report on Ecology for May 2011 – Oct 2011 (Rev. A)

January 2012

Report No.: 266567/30/A

Content

Chapter Title Page

1. Introduction 1

1.1 Background_ 1

1.2 Survey Area_ 1

1.3 EM&A Requirements on Ecological impact 1

2. Ecological Monitoring 2

2.1 Introduction_ 2

2.2 Monitoring of Birds_ 2

2.3 Monitoring of Herpetofauna_ 3

2.4 Monitoring of Dragonflies and Butterflies_ 3

2.5 Monitoring of Mammals_ 3

3. Ecological issues 4

3.1 Ecological Issues/Management Activities_ 4

3.2 Implications to the WRA Design_ 4

4. Conclusions 5

4.1 Summary of findings_ 5

5. References 6

5.1 List of references_ 6

Tables

Table 1.1:__ Summary of ecological Impact EM&A Requirements_ 1

List of Figures

Figure 1.1 Survey Area and Transect Walked

List of Appendices

Appendix A Schedule of Ecological Monitoring

Appendix B Summary of Bird Surveys

Appendix C Summary of Herpetofauna Monitoring, Mammals and Insects Surveys

Appendix D Summary of Water Monitoring

1. Introduction

1.1 Background

In March 2005, the Project Proponent, Profit Point Enterprises Limited, acquired the development site in Yuen Long at Wo Shang Wai. An Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) was carried out under the EIA Ordinance (EIAO) since then and the Environmental Permit (EP-311/2008B) for construction of the comprehensive development in Wo Shang Wai was granted by EPD on 29 July 2010. The Project involves the residential development and associated infrastructure and wetland restoration area and linear landscape area. The construction works under the Environmental Permit commenced on 12 May 2010.

Mott MacDonald Hong Kong Ltd. (“MMHK”) has been commissioned by the Contractor, Heng Shung Construction Co. Ltd., to undertake the Environmental Team (ET) services to carry out environmental monitoring and audit (EM&A) for both pre-construction and construction phases of the Proposed Comprehensive Development at Wo Shang Wai, Yuen Long.

According to the EP Condition 4.6, the EM&A results on ecological aspects during the construction phase should be reported to the EIA Subcommittee of the ACE, EPD and AFCD on a biannual basis. This is the 3^rd Biannual EM&A report and it summarises the findings on EM&A results of ecological aspects during the period from 1 May 2011 to 31 October 2011.

1.2 Survey Area

Surveys were conducted within 500 m of the Project area. The Wetland Restoration Area (hereafter WRA) was surveyed since early September 2010. The survey transect is provided in Figure 1.1.

1.3 EM&A Requirements on Ecological impact

The EM&A programme requires environmental monitoring of ecology as specified in the approved EM&A Manual. A summary of ecological impact EM&A requirements is presented in Table 1.1:

Table 1.1: Summary of ecological Impact EM&A Requirements

Descriptions	Locations	Frequencies
Birds	Within the Project Area and Assessment Area of 500m	Weekly
Dragonflies and Butterflies	Within the Project Area and Assessment Area of 500m	Once per month during Mar and Sep to November, and twice per month during Apr to Aug
Herpetofauna	Within the Project Area and Assessment Area of 500m	Once per month during Apr to Nov
Water quality of WRA	Wetland Restoration Area	After filling of WRA with water, monthly for in situ water quality and every size months (end of wet season and end of dry season) for laboratory testing
Site Inspections	Within the Project Area and Assessment Area of 500m	Weekly

2. Ecological Monitoring

2.1 Introduction

In accordance with the EM&A requirements, monitoring of birds, dragonflies and butterflies, and herpetofauna was carried out during the reporting period. In addition, monitoring of mammals was also conducted concurrently with other surveys and the results were reported although it is not required by the EM&A manual. The dates of surveys are summarised in Appendix A.

2.2 Monitoring of Birds

Monitoring was undertaken following the survey methodology in the EM&A Manual. In addition, low intensity monitoring of the WRA was undertaken (on a monthly basis) to monitor faunal usage of the newly formed cells since September 2010; monitoring intensity will follow that outlined in the EM&A Manual at the completion of the WRA. All bird species of conservation importance and/or wetland dependent were identified and enumerated. Flying birds were not recorded unless they were foraging and/or associated with the habitat (such as swifts).

Bird surveys were conducted on a weekly basis throughout the period. A total of 44[1] bird species of conservation importance and/or wetland-dependence were recorded in the Survey Area (excluding WRA). A summary of survey data is provided in Appendix B.

A total of 361 bird species were recorded in the WRA in the survey period. Of these, 33 of were bird species of conservation importance and/or wetland-dependence. All three target species (i.e. Little Egret Egtretta garzetta, Cattle Egret Bubulcus ibis and Chinese Pond Heron Ardeola bacchus) were recorded in the WRA, including maximum daily counts of 42 Cattle Egret, 13 Chinese Pond Heron and 3 Little Egret, a high count for the site in the reporting period. The reporting period covers the first season of the WRA after site formation works and filling with water. During this period, several bird species were recorded breeding on-site, including five to six pairs of Little Ringed Plover Charadrius dubius, a minimum of three pairs of Little Grebe Tachybaptus ruficollis and two breeding pairs of Zitting Cisticola Cisticola juncidis. Other notable records included regular sightings of Collared Crow Corvus torquatus, a near threatened species (IUCN 2010), Black-naped Oriole Oriolus chinensis and Purple Heron Ardea purpurea, Pallas’s Grasshopper Warbler Locustella certhiola and Lanceolated Warbler Locustella lanceolata, and Yellow Bittern Ixobrychus sinensis). A summary of survey data is provided in Appendix B.

Notable records observed in the WRA outside surveys included Black-winged Kite Elanus caeruleus, Eurasian Hobby Falco subbuteo, Savanna Nightjar Caprimulgus affinis, Cinnamon Bittern Ixobrychus sinensis, and Pheasant-tailed Jacana Hydrophasianus chirurgus.

The site continues to attract uncommon bird species of conservation importance, including many species which were not previously recorded on site, indicating that the site has provided additional habitats for these species. Hence, the WRA has not only provided a buffer against potential disturbance during the construction phase, it is also functioning as a valuable habitat for bird species of conservation importance.

2.3 Monitoring of Herpetofauna

Monitoring was undertaken following the survey methodology in the EM&A Manual. Day-time herpetofauna surveys were conducted monthly from May to October 2011, while night-time herpetofauna surveys were conducted twice per month from May to August 2011.

4 amphibian species and 2 reptile species were recorded in the survey (excluding WRA), while 3 amphibian species and 2 reptile species were recorded in the WRA in the surveys conducted in the reporting period. A summary of survey data is provided in Appendix C.

One Chinese Soft-shelled Turtle Pelodiscus sinensis and an Indo-Chinese Rat Snake Ptyas korros were recorded in the Survey Area outside of routine herpetofauna surveys, while one Chinese Soft-shelled Turtle and a Checkered Keelback were recorded within the WRA outside surveys. Chinese Soft-shelled Turtle is listed as vulnerable in both the IUCN red list and the China Red Data Book and as of “Global Concern” in Fellowes et al. (2002). This is the first record of the species in the WRA. Both snake species are listed as endangered in the China Red Data Book and listed as “Potential Regional Concern” in Fellowes et al. (2002).

2.4 Monitoring of Dragonflies and Butterflies

Monitoring of dragonflies and butterflies was conducted on a twice-monthly basis from May to August 2011 and on a monthly basis during September and October 2011. Further, notable dragonfly and butterfly observations during other surveys were recorded.

A total of 14 dragonfly species and 13 butterfly species were recorded using the ponds in the survey area (excluding WRA), and 18 dragonfly species and 8 butterfly species were recorded in the WRA. One dragonfly species of conservation importance, Coastal Glider Macrodiplax cora, was recorded in the survey area. This species is considered to be uncommon and of “Local Concern” in Hong Kong in Fellowes et al. (2002). A summary of the survey findings is provided in Appendix C.

2.5 Monitoring of Mammals

Monitoring of mammals was conducted concurrently with other surveys. 3 mammal species were recorded in the Survey Area while no mammals were recorded in the WRA. No species of conservation importance were recorded. A summary of the survey findings is provided in Appendix C.

2.6 Monitoring of Water Quality

Monthly water quality monitoring commenced in June following filling of ponds. Monitoring parameters followed that in the EM&A Manual. The action level exceedance of DO was observed at Cell 1 and 2 in July, August and September respectively. No measures were proposed, but the condition was monitored. DO in both cells had improved in October. The action level exceedance of salinity in May (Cell 1 – 4), June (Cell 2 – 4) and July (Cell 4) was observed. As it was expected to be improved with the on-set of rainfall events in the following months, therefore no measures were proposed.

Monitoring data are presented in Appendix D.

3. Ecological issues

3.1 Ecological Issues/Management Activities

Landscape and establishment works of the WRA undertaken in the reporting period included the following:

¡ Reed transplantation from the reedbed nursery to Cells 2, 3 and 4;

¡ Planting and post-planting maintenance of whip trees, shrubs, wetland plants and hydroseeding of grasscrete and bunds;

¡ Fish and shrimp stocking

Species and quantities of fish stocking and plants stocked/planted followed that outlined in the approved WCRS (AEC 2011). Some replacement planting/stocking will be required in the next wet season and this will be evaluated in March/April 2012.

Maintenance and management work following planting and stocking were as follows:

¡ Hand weeding around all planted tree whips, shrubs and transplanted reeds;

¡ Clearance of undesired exotic plants such as Acacia, Typha, Mimosa, Ipomoea, Sesbania , Leucaena, Aster subdulata and Brachiaria mutica;

¡ Removal of Apple Snails.

3.2 Implications to the WRA Design

There were no additional implications to the WRA design from the survey findings.

4. Conclusions

4.1 Summary of findings

Ecological monitoring between 1 May and 31 October 2011 was carried out following the survey methodology and frequency outlined in the EM&A Manual.

Summary of survey findings listed as follow:

Table 4.1: Summary of Ecological Monitoring in WRA and Survey Area between 1 May and 31 October 2011

No.of Species	Survey Area (excluding WRA)	WRA
Birds	44	36
Amphibians	4	3
Reptiles	2	2
Mammals	3	0
Dragonflies	14	18
Butterflies	13	8

Survey findings demonstrate that the WRA is supporting a comparable number of species as the fish ponds in the Survey Area, and as noted in Section 2 above, is attracting a number of uncommon species of conservation interest. Hence, the WRA is effective as a buffer between the residential portion of the site in the north and the fishpond areas in the south, and is also providing habitat for species of conservation interest.

5. References

5.1 List of references

AEC, 2011. Proposed Comprehensive Development at Wo Shang Wai, Yuen Long: Detailed Design and Implementation. Wetland Restoration and Creation Scheme November 2011 v3.

Chan, S. K.F., K.S. Cheung, C.Y. Ho, F.N Lam & W.S. Tam, 2005. A Field Guide to the Amphibians of Hong Kong. Cosmos Books Ltd., Hong Kong.

Fellowes, J.F., Lau, M.W.N., Dudgeon, D., Reels, G.T., Ades, G.W.J., Carey, G.J., Chan, B.P.L., Kendrick, R.C., Lee, K.S., Leven, M.R., Wilson, K.D.P., Yu, Y.T. 2002. Wild Animals to Watch: Terrestrial and Freshwater Fauna of Conservation Concern in Hong Kong.

Karsen, S., M.W.N. Lau & A. Bogadek, 1998. Hong Kong Amphibians and Reptiles. Provisional Urban Council, Hong Kong

Lo, P. Y. F. and W.L. Hui, 2004. Hong Kong Butterflies. Hong Kong, Cosmos Books Ltd.

Mott, 2008. WSW Environmental Monitoring and Audit Manual (March 2008).

Mott, 2008. WSW Environmental Impact Assessment Report Volumes 1 to 3 (March 2008)

Shek, C. T. 2006. A Field Guide to the Terrestrial Mammals of Hong Kong. Friends of the Country Parks Cosmos Books Ltd., Hong Kong.

Tam, T. W., Leung, K.K., Kwan, B.S.P., Wu, K.K.Y., Tang, S.S.H., So, I.W.Y., Cheng, J.C.Y., Yuen, E.F.M., Tsang, Y.M., and Hui, W.L. 2011. The Dragonflies of Hong Kong (1^st edition). Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation Department. Friends of Country Park and Cosmos Books Ltd., Hong Kong

Young, J.J. & Yiu, V. 2002. Butterfly Watching In Hong Kong. Wan Li Book Co. Ltd., Hong Kong

Appendix A. Schedule of Ecological Monitoring

May 2011	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28	29	30	31
Mammals							ü		ü							ü									ü
Birds							ü		ü							ü									ü
Herpetofauna					ü																					ü
Dragonflies & butterflies				ü													ü
Inspection Visits							ü		ü							ü									ü

Jun 2011	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28	29	30
Mammals		ü						ü						ü						ü										ü
Birds		ü						ü						ü						ü										ü
Herpetofauna			ü																	ü				ü
Dragonflies & butterflies			ü																	ü
Inspection Visits		ü						ü						ü						ü										ü

Jul 2011	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28	29	30	31
Mammals					ü	ü							ü					ü				ü			ü
Birds						ü							ü					ü							ü
Herpetofauna					ü								ü									ü				ü
Dragonflies & butterflies					ü																	ü
Inspection Visits						ü							ü					ü							ü

Aug 2011	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28	29	30	31
Mammals		ü							ü			ü					ü					ü			ü				ü
Birds		ü							ü								ü					ü
Herpetofauna												ü																	ü
Dragonflies & butterflies		ü																							ü
Inspection Visits		ü						ü	ü							ü	ü	ü				ü			ü	ü					ü

Sep 2011	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28	29	30
Mammals								ü				ü							ü							ü
Birds								ü				ü							ü							ü
Herpetofauna												ü															ü
Dragonflies & butterflies												ü
Inspection Visits	ü	ü	ü				ü	ü	ü			ü		ü	ü				ü			ü	ü			ü		ü		ü

Oct 2011	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28	29	30	31
Mammals				ü								ü									ü					ü					ü
Birds				ü								ü									ü					ü					ü
Herpetofauna											ü															ü
Dragonflies & butterflies											ü
Inspection Visits				ü		ü	ü					ü	ü				ü				ü				ü	ü		ü			ü

Note:

* Light grey cells indicated public holidays, Saturdays or Sundays.

Appendix B. Summary of Bird Surveys

Table B1. Summary of bird monitoring within the Survey Area

Species Name	Scientific Name	Conservation Status ^(2)	Mean^(^3^)
			May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct
Little Grebe	Tachybaptus ruficollis	LC, (1)	4.3	3.8	3.8	14.8	13.0	12.5
Great Cormorant	Phalacrocorax carbo	PRC, (1)	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3.0
Grey Heron	Ardea cinerea	PRC, (1)	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2.5	11.8
Great Egret	Egretta alba	PRC, (1)	8.8	2.3	8.0	8.6	25.8	15.3
Intermediate Egret	Egretta intermedia	RC, (1)	0.3	0.0	0.0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Little Egret	Egretta garzetta	PRC, (1)	33.5	9.5	17.3	90.6	134.8	151.0
Cattle Egret	Bubulcus ibis	(LC)	1.0	0.0	0.0	9.0	18.8	0.8
Chinese Pond Heron	Ardeola bacchus	PRC, (1)	15.0	17.0	15.0	18.0	28.3	27.3
Black-crowned Night Heron	Nycticorax nycticorax	(LC), (1)	1.8	1.0	0.5	2.6	0.3	0.0
Black-faced Spoonbill	Platalea minor	PGC, EN, (1)	0.3	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Garganey	Anas querquedula	(1)	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2.0
Black Kite	Milvus migrans	(RC)	0.3	0.3	0.5	0.4	0.3	1.0
Common Buzzard	Buteo buteo	(1)	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.3	0.0
White-breasted Waterhen	Amaurornis phoenicurus	(1)	4.8	1.8	1.0	1.0	2.5	2.0
Common Moorhen	Gallinula chloropus	(1)	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.2	0.0	3.3
Black-winged Stilt	Himantopus himantopus	RC, (1)	0.5	0.0	0.0	0.0	1.3	7.5
Little Ringed Plover	Charadrius dubius	LC, (1)	0.8	0.0	0.3	0.6	10.0	7.5
Kentish Plover	Charadrius alexandrinus	RC, (1)	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1.0
Common Redshank	Tringa totanus	RC, (1)	0.0	0.0	0.0	1.4	0.0	0.0
Marsh Sandpiper	Tringa stagnatilis	RC, (1)	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1.0	9.3
Common Greenshank	Tringa nebularia	RC, (1)	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.3	5.3
Green Sandpiper	Tringa ochropus	(1)	0.0	0.0	0.0	1.2	2.0	2.8
Wood Sandpiper	Tringa glareola	LC, (1)	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8.8
Common Sandpiper	Actitis hypoleucos	(1)	1.8	0.0	0.3	2.0	6.5	6.0
Pintail/Swinhoe's Snipe*	Gallinago stenura/G. megala	LC, (1)	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2.0	0.0
Temminck's Stint	Calidris temminckii	LC, (1)	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1.5
Long-toed Stint	Calidris subminuta	LC, (1)	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1.0
Whiskered Tern	Chlidonias hybridus	(1)	2.8	0.0	0.0	0.2	5.0	5.5
Pied Kingfisher	Ceryle rudis	(LC), (1)	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.3	0.0
Common Kingfisher	Alcedo atthis	(1)	1.0	2.3	1.8	2.4	4.3	4.5
White-throated Kingfisher	Halcyon smyrnensis	(LC), (1)	0.0	0.0	0.5	0.8	0.5	0.5
Yellow Wagtail	Motacilla flava	(1)	47.5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.8	9.3
Grey Wagtail	Motacilla cinerea	(1)	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.8
Richard’s Pipit	Anthus richardi	-	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2.5
Common Stonechat	Saxicola torquata	-	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3.0
Black-browed Reed Warbler	Acrocephalus bistrigiceps	(1)	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.3
Oriental Reed Warbler	Acrocephalus orientalis	(1)	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1.3	0.5
Zitting Cisticola	Cisticola juncidis	LC	0.8	0.5	0.0	0.0	0.0	1.0
Yellow-billed Grosbeak	Eophona migratoria	LC	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.6	0.0	0.0
Red-billed Starling	Sturnus sericeus	GC	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.3
White-cheeked Starling	Sturnus cineraceus	PRC	0.0	0.5	0.0	0.4	0.0	0.0
White-shouldered Starling	Sturnus sinensis	(LC)	1.8	3.3	3.8	5.2	0.0	0.0
Black-naped Oriole	Oriolus chinensis	LC	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1.0	0.0
Collared Crow	Corvus torquatus	LC, NT	0.0	0.3	0.8	0.0	2.8	2.5
No. of Species Recorded			18	12	13	20	25	33

(1) Indicates wetland-dependant or wetland-associated species.

(2) Conservation status follows that of Fellowes et al. (2002) and BirdLife International listing (2010).

(3) Refers to the mean number of individuals recorded in each survey in the Survey Area (excluding the WRA)

* Includes one species pair, Swinhoe’s/Pintail Snipe, not distinguishable in the field. Swinhoe’s Snipe is listed as Local Concern in Fellowes et al. (2002)

Table B2. Summary of bird monitoring in the WRA

Common Name	Scientific Name	Conservation Status^(2)	Mean^(^3^)						Records Outside Survey^(4)
			May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct
Little Grebe	Tachybaptus ruficollis	LC, (1)	0.0	0.0	1.0	3.8	0.8	0.5
Great Cormorant	Phalacrocorax carbo	PRC, (1)	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.3
Grey Heron	Ardea cinerea	PRC, (1)	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1.0
Purple Heron	Ardea purpurea	RC, (1)	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1.0
Great Egret	Egretta alba	PRC, (1)	0.3	0.5	0.3	0.0	1.5	1.8
Intermediate Egret	Egretta intermedia	RC, (1)	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1.5	1.5
Little Egret	Egretta garzetta	PRC, (1)	0.8	0.3	0.3	1.0	1.0	0.5
Cattle Egret	Bubulcus ibis	(LC), (1)	0.0	0.3	11.8	0.0	1.3	0.3
Chinese Pond Heron	Ardeola bacchus	PRC, (1)	0.3	0.3	1.5	4.2	7.8	4.5
Yellow Bittern	Ixobrychus sinensis	(LC), (1)	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.5
Mandarin Duck	Aix galericulata	(1)	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1.0
Black Kite	Milvus migrans	(RC)	0.3	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.3	0.0
White-breasted Waterhen	Amaurornis phoenicurus	(1)	0.5	0.8	1.3	2.6	1.3	1.5
Black-winged Stilt	Himantopus himantopus	RC, (1)	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1.0
Little Ringed Plover	Charadrius dubius	LC, (1)	5.5	0.5	0.0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Common Greenshank	Tringa nebularia	RC, (1)	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.3
Green Sandpiper	Tringa ochropus	(1)	0.0	0.0	0.3	0.0	0.0	0.0
Common Sandpiper	Actitis hypoleucos	(1)	0.3	0.0	0.0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Pintail/Swinhoe's Snipe*	Gallinago stenura/G. megala	LC, (1)	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1.0
Pied Kingfisher	Ceryle rudis	(LC), (1)	0.0	0.3	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Common Kingfisher	Alcedo atthis	(1)	0.5	1.0	0.3	1.0	0.8	0.5
Yellow Wagtail	Motacilla flava	(1)	1.8	0.0	0.0	0.2	0.8	1.5
Grey Wagtail	Motacilla cinerea	(1)	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.3	0.0
Richard's Pipit	Anthus richardi	-	0.5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.3
Common Stonechat	Saxicola torquata	-	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1.0
Lanceolated Warbler	Locustella lanceolata	(1)	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1.0
Pallas’s Grasshopper Warbler	Locustella certhiola	LC, (1)	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1.0
Black-browed Reed Warbler	Acrocephalus bistrigiceps	(1)	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.3
Zitting Cisticola	Cisticola juncidis	LC	2.5	2.5	1.0	0.4	0.0	0.3
Yellow-billed Grosbeak	Eophona migratoria	LC	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1.0
Scaly-breasted Munia	Lonchura punctulata	-	7.5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Red-billed Starling	Sturnus sericeus	GC	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.3	0.0
White-cheeked Starling	Sturnus cineraceus	PRC	0.0	0.0	0.0	6.6	0.0	0.0
White-shouldered Starling	Sturnus sinensis	(LC)	0.3	0.0	0.5	2.4	0.0	0.0
Black-naped Oriole	Oriolus chinensis	LC	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1.0	0.0
Collared Crow	Corvus torquatus	LC, NT	0.0	0.3	0.0	0.8	0.8	0.8
Black-winged Kite	Elanus caeruleus	LC	-	-	-	-	-	-	ü
Eurasian Hobby	Falco subbuteo	LC	-	-	-	-	-	-	ü
Savanna Nightjar	Caprimulgus affinis	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	ü
Cinnamon Bittern	Ixobrychus sinensis	LC, (1)	-	-	-	-	-	-	ü
Pheasant-tailed Jacana	Hydrophasianus chirurgus	LC, (1)	-	-	-	-	-	-	ü
No. of Species Recorded			13	10	10	12	14	25

(1) Indicates wetland-dependant or wetland-associated species.

(2) Conservation status follows that of Fellowes et al. (2002) and BirdLife International listing (2010).

(3) Refers to the mean number of individuals recorded in each survey in the WRA

(4) Includes observation during other surveys and/or site visits

* Includes one species pair, Swinhoe’s/Pintail Snipe, not distinguishable in the field. Swinhoe’s Snipe is listed as Local Concern in Fellowes et al. (2002)

Appendix C. Summary of Herpetofauna Monitoring, Mammals and Insects Surveys

Table C1. Summary of herpetofauna monitoring within the Survey Area (excluding the WRA)

Common Name	Scientific Name	Conservation Status^(1)	Mean^(2)								Records Outside Survey^(3)
Amphibian			May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep		Oct
Asian Common Toad	Bufo melanostictus	-	0.5	0.0	2.5	0.5	0.0		0.0
Ornate Pigmy Frog	Microhyla ornata	-	1.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0		0.0
Paddy Frog	Fejervarya limnocharis	-	1.5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0		0.0
Günther's Frog	Rana guentheri	-	8.5	5.5	2.0	0.5	0.0		0.0
No. of Species Recorded			4	1	2	2	0		0
Reptile			May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep		Oct
Bowring’s Gecko	Hemidactylus bowringii	-	1.0	3.5	0.0	2.0	0.0	0.0
Checkered Keelback	Xenochrophis piscator	-	0.0	0.0	1.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese Soft-shelled Turtle	Pelodiscus sinensis	GC, VU	-	-	-	-	-	-		ü
Indo-Chinese Rat Snake	Ptyas korros	PRC	-	-	-	-	-	-		ü
No. of Species Recorded			1	1	1	1	0		0

(1) Conservation status follows that of Fellowes et al. (2002), Chan et al. (2005) and Karsen et al. (1998).

(2) Refers to the number of individuals recorded in each month in the survey area (excluding the WRA)

(3) Includes observation during other surveys and/or site visits

Table C2. Summary of herpetofauna monitoring conducted in the WRA

Common Name	Scientific Name		Conservation Status^(1)	Mean^(2)										Records Outside Survey^(3)
Amphibian				May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep					Oct
Ornate Pigmy Frog	Microhyla ornata		-	10.0	0.5	0.0	0.0		0.0		0.0
Paddy Frog	Fejervarya limnocharis		-	2.0	1.0	1.0	0.0		0.0		0.0
Günther's Frog	Rana guentheri		-	10.5	8.0	2.5	0.5		0.0		0.0
No. of Species Recorded				3	3	2	1			0		0
Reptile				May	Jun	Jul	Aug			Sep		Oct
Bowring’s Gecko		Hemidactylus bowringii	-	0.0	0.0	1.0	0.0		0.0		0.0
Common Rat Snake		Ptyas mucosus	PRC	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.5		0.0		0.0
Chinese Soft-shelled Turtle		Pelodiscus sinensis	GC, VU	-	-	-	-		-		-			ü
Checkered Keelback		Xenochrophis piscator		-	-	-	-		-		-			ü
No. of Species Recorded				0	0	1	1		0		0

(1) Conservation status follows that of Fellowes et al. (2002), Chan et al. (2005) and Karsen et al. (1998).

(2) Refers to the number of individuals recorded in each month in the WRA

(3) Includes observation during other surveys and/or site visits

Table C3. Summary of mammal monitoring within the Study Area (excluding the WRA)

Common Name	Scientific Name	Conservation Status^(1)	Max^(2)
			May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct
Unidentified Rat	Rattus sp.	-	0.0	0.0	1.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
House Mouse	Mus musculus	-	0.0	0.0	0.0	2.0	0.0	0.0
Small Asian Mongoose	Herpestes javanicus	-	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1.0
No. of Species Recorded			0	0	1	1	0	1

(1) Conservation status follows that of Fellowes et al. (2002) and Shek (2006).

(2) Refers to the maximum number of individuals recorded in each month in the survey area (excluding WRA).

Table C4. Summary of mammal monitoring conducted in the WRA

Common Name	Scientific Name	Conservation Status^(1)	Max^(2)
			May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct
No Records
No. of Species Recorded			0	0	0	0	0	0

(1) Conservation status follows that of Fellowes et al. (2002) and Shek (2006).

(2) Refers to the maximum number of individuals recorded in each month in the WRA.

Table C5. Summary of dragonfly and butterfly monitoring within the Survey Area (excluding the WRA)

Common Name		Scientific Name	Conservation Status^(1)		Mean^(2)
Odonate					May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct
Common Bluetail		Ischnura senegalensis	-		0.5	20.5	5.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Common Flangetail		Ictinogomphus pertinax	-		0.5	3.5	1.5	6.5	1.0	0.0
Golden Flangetail		Sinictinogomphus clavatus	-		0.0	1.0	1.0	0.0	1.0	0.0
Regal Pond Cruiser		Epophthalmia elegans	-		0.5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian Pintail		Acisoma panorpoides	-		0.0	1.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian Amberwing		Brachythemis contaminata	-		2.5	25.0	22.5	28.5	30.0	0.0
Crimson Darter		Crocothemis servilia	-		1.0	2.0	3.0	4.0	5.0	0.0
Blue Percher		Diplacodes trivialis	-		0.0	0.5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amber-winged Glider		Hydrobasileus croceus	-		0.5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coastal Glider		Macrodiplax cora	LC		4.5	10.0	8.0	9.0	15.0	0.0
Green Skimmer		Orthetrum sabina	-		3.5	10.5	4.5	23.0	3.0	0.0
Wandering Glider		Pantala flavescens	-		3.5	2.0	1.0	2.0	0.0	50.0
Variegated Flutterer		Rhyothemis variegata	-		8.5	39.0	6.0	29.0	2.0	0.0
Saddlebag Glider		Tramea virginia	-		0.0	3.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No. of Species Recorded					10	12	9	7	7	1
Butterfly					May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct
Tailed Jay	Graphium agamemnon			-	0.0	0.0	1.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swallowtail	Papilio xuthus			-	0.0	0.0	0.5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Common Mormon	Papilio polytes			-	0.5	0.0	1.0	0.0	0.0	1.0
Red-base Jezebel	Delias pasithoe			-	1.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indian Cabbage White	Pieris canidia			-	10.0	1.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mottled Emigrant	Catopsilia pyranthe			-	0.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	3.0	0.0
Lemon Emigrant	Catopsilia pomona			-	1.5	3.0	1.0	0.0	1.0	0.0
Common Grass Yellow	Eurema hecabe			-	0.0	2.0	1.0	0.0	2.0	2.0
Pale Grass Blue	Zizeeria maha			-	3.0	0.0	1.0	2.0	0.0	1.0
Dark Grass Blue	Zizeeria karsandra			-	1.0	1.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Angled Castor	Ariadne ariadne			-	0.0	0.0	0.5	0.5	0.0	0.0
Great Egg-fly	Hypolimnas bolina			-	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3.0	0.0
Common Tiger	Danaus genutia			-	0.0	0.0	1.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No. of Species Recorded					6	5	9	3	4	3

(1) Conservation status follows that of Fellowes et al. (2002), Lo & Hui (2004), Wilson (2004) and Young & Yiu (2002).

(2) Refers to the mean number of individuals recorded in each month in the survey area (excluding the WRA)

Table C6. Summary of dragonfly and butterfly monitoring conducted in the WRA

Common Name	Scientific Name	Conservation Status^(1)	Mean^(2)
Odonate			May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct
Orange-tailed Sprite	Ceriagrion auranticum	-	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2.0	0.0
Common Bluetail	Ischnura senegalensis	-	271.5	70.0	3.5	1.5	2.0	0.0
Pale-spotted Emperor	Anax guttatus	-	0.5	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	0.0
Lesser Emperor	Anax parthenope	-	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1.0	0.0
Common Flangetail	Ictinogomphus pertinax	-	0.0	2.0	3.0	13.0	4.0	0.0
Golden Flangetail	Sinictinogomphus clavatus	-	0.0	1.0	0.0	0.0	2.0	0.0
Regal Pond Cruiser	Epopthalmia elegans	-	0.0	0.0	1.0	0.0	1.0	0.0
Asian Pintail	Acisoma panorpoides	-	0.0	1.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blue Dasher	Brachydiplax chalybea	-	1.0	0.5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian Amberwing	Brachythemis contaminata	-	8.0	18.5	8.0	4.0	12.0	0.0
Crimson Darter	Crocothemis servilia	-	0.0	2.0	4.0	9.0	6.0	0.0
Blue Percher	Diplacodes trivialis	-	0.5	0.5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coastal Glider	Macrodiplax cora	LC	0.0	7.0	3.0	0.0	3.0	1.0
Pied Percher	Neurothemis tullia	-	0.5	0.5	10.0	3.0	1.0	0.0
Green Skimmer	Orthetrum sabina	-	8.0	17.5	14.0	29.0	30.0	0.0
Wandering Glider	Pantala flavescens	-	5.5	1.0	3.0	2.0	10.0	3.0
Variegated Flutterer	Rhyothemis variegata	-	7.5	56.5	19.0	73.5	43.0	0.0
Saddlebag Glider	Tramea virginia	-	1.0	6.0	10.0	4.0	0.0	0.0
No. of Species Recorded			10	15	12	10	14	2
Butterfly			May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct
Indian Cabbage White	Pieris canidia	-	2.5	1.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mottled Emigrant	Catopsilia pyranthe	-	0.0	1.0	0.0	0.0	1.0	0.0
Lemon Emigrant	Catopsilia pomona	-	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1.0	0.0
Common Grass Yellow	Eurema hecabe	-	0.0	0.0	5.0	3.0	3.0	2.0
Pale Grass Blue	Zizeeria maha	-	0.5	0.0	0.0	1.0	0.0	0.0
Common Evening Brown	Melanitis leda	-	0.0	0.0	2.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dark-brand Bush Brown	Mycalesis mineus	-	0.5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1.0
Blue-spotted Crow	Euploea midamus	-	0.5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No. of Species Recorded			4	2	2	2	3	2

(1) Conservation status follows that of Fellowes et al. (2002), Lo & Hui (2004), Wilson (2004) and Young & Yiu (2002).

(2) Refers to the mean number of individuals recorded in each month in the WRA

Appendix D. Summary of Water Quality Monitoring

Table D1. Water quality at WRA

May 2011

Cell No.	Temp. (°C)	pH	Salinity (ppt)	Turb (mg/L)	DO (mg/L)
1	28.5	6.77	3.35	18	3.96
2	27.4	6.73	3.64	7	3.34
3	29.6	7.30	3.71	17	4.82
4	29.6	6.60	4.79	12	3.37

June 2011

Cell No.	Temp. (°C)	pH	Salinity (ppt)	Turb (mg/L)	DO (mg/L)
1	32.9	7.36	1.85	14	5.07
2	33.7	7.42	3.06	5	5.32
3	33.0	7.66	2.13	14	5.27
4	32.9	7.51	3.24	9	3.81

July 2011

Cell No.	Temp. (°C)	pH	Salinity (ppt)	Turb (mg/L)	DO (mg/L)
1	31.7	7.03	1.64	(1)	1.59
2	32.3	7.57	1.89	(1)	1.19
3	32.4	7.42	1.85	(1)	2.12
4	32.9	7.11	2.02	(1)	4.57

August 2011

Cell No.	Temp. (°C)	pH	Salinity (ppt)	Turb (mg/L)	DO (mg/L)
1	32.2	7.25	0.95	(1)	1.55
2	31.6	7.08	1.22	(1)	1.02
3	31.9	7.30	1.07	(1)	3.03
4	32.9	6.92	1.32	(1)	2.55

September 2011

Cell No.	Temp. (°C)	pH	Salinity (ppt)	Turb (mg/L)	DO (mg/L)
1	32.5	7.35	0.86	(1)	1.88
2	31.7	7.39	1.02	(1)	1.74
3	32.0	7.41	1.03	(1)	3.20
4	32.4	7.25	1.26	(1)	2.99

October 2011

Cell No.	Temp. (°C)	pH	Salinity (ppt)	Turb (mg/L)	DO (mg/L)
1	24.8	7.53	0.91	7	3.52
2	25.3	7.58	1.22	5	3.68
3	25.2	7.94	1.08	10	5.37
4	26.0	7.39	1.29	3	3.80

(1) The turbidity water quality checker was under repair.

Notes:

Values Bold indicate Action Level exceedance.

Values Underlined and Bold indicate Limit Level exceedance.

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[1] Includes one species pair, Swinhoe’s/Pintail Snipe, not distinguishable in the field.